Rainbows, a spectacle of vibrant colours painted across the sky, are often seen as semicircles due to the horizon obstructing our view. However, these mesmerizing arcs are actually full circles formed ...

Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for probing the dynamics of atoms and molecules with attosecond time resolution. However, conventional XUV absorption ...

If you enjoyed this article, I’d like to ask for your support. Scientific American has served as an advocate for science and industry for 180 years, and right now may be the most critical moment in ...