Complex housing refers to environments that offer diverse and stimulating conditions intended to promote and enhance holistic cognitive and physical development, alongside the benefits of social ...

Lead exposure is a risk to any human, but children are most vulnerable to the element's neurotoxicity, which can lead to developmental delays, learning difficulties and mood changes among other ...

Mice raised in enriched environments show improved learning and memory driven by sustained activation of the transcription factor AP-1, the molecular ‘switch’ that converts early-life experiences into ...