X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...

Soft X‐ray diffraction gratings coupled with advanced multilayer coatings represent a pivotal innovation in the development of high‐resolution spectroscopic instruments. These devices utilise periodic ...

2D-XRD, or two-dimensional X-ray diffraction, is a powerful analytical technique used to study the atomic and molecular structure of crystalline materials at the nanoscale. It provides detailed ...

X-ray crystallography, like mass spectroscopy and nuclear spectroscopy, is an extremely useful material characterization technique that is unfortunately hard for amateurs to perform. The physical ...

Particle size analysis is crucial to quality control and product development in a number of key industries including aerosols, construction, food and beverage, paint and coatings, and pharmaceuticals.

Developing reliable and effective methods for the detection of explosive materials has become paramount in recent decades following high profile cases of terrorism, such as the events of 9/11. Since ...

X ray spectrometry techniques are nowadays widely used in many analytical applications. The different interactions of x rays with matter have served to provide useful information for comprehensive ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a non-invasive method for determining that can be used in phase analysis investigations of crystalline materials. Image Credit: AgriTech/Shutterstock.com The essential idea ...

X-ray techniques have been used for decades by authorities to prevent crime and keep people safe. Perhaps their most well-known use is for the detection of dangerous and banned items or substances, ...

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is based on the same principle as all photoelectron spectroscopy methods. If a molecule or material is irradiated with light of a known energy above the ionization ...